Ayyukan ƙirƙira na ƙarfe na ƙarfe suna da tasiri sosai kan taurin samfurin ƙarshe, muhimmin mahimmanci wajen tantance aiki da karƙon ɓangaren. Ƙarfe, wanda ya ƙunshi baƙin ƙarfe da sauran abubuwa kamar chromium, molybdenum, ko nickel, suna nuna ingantattun kaddarorin inji idan aka kwatanta da carbon karfe. Tsarin ƙirƙira, wanda ya haɗa da nakasar ƙarfe ta amfani da ƙarfi, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita waɗannan kaddarorin, musamman taurin.
Dabarun ƙirƙira da Tasirinsu akan Taurin
1. Zafafan Forging: Wannan tsari ya haɗa da dumama karfen alloy zuwa yanayin zafi sama da wurin recrystallization, yawanci tsakanin 1,100°C da 1,200°C. Babban zafin jiki yana rage dankowar ƙarfe, yana ba da damar nakasa sauƙi. Ƙirƙirar zafi mai zafi yana haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin hatsi, yana haɓaka kayan aikin ƙarfe na ƙarfe, gami da taurin. Koyaya, taurin ƙarshe ya dogara da ƙimar sanyaya na gaba da maganin zafi da ake amfani da shi. Saurin sanyaya cikin sauri zai iya haifar da ƙãra taurin saboda samuwar martensite, yayin da jinkirin sanyaya zai iya haifar da ƙarin fushi, ƙananan abu mai wuya.
2. Ƙirƙirar sanyi: Sabanin ƙirƙira mai zafi, ana yin ƙirjin sanyi a ko kusa da zafin ɗaki. Wannan tsari yana ƙara ƙarfi da taurin kayan ta hanyar ƙwanƙwasawa ko aikin aiki. Ƙirƙirar sanyi yana da fa'ida don samar da madaidaicin girma da ƙaƙƙarfan saman ƙasa, amma yana iyakance ta ductility na gami a ƙananan yanayin zafi. Ƙunƙarar da aka samu ta hanyar ƙirƙira sanyi yana tasiri ta matakin nau'in da ake amfani da shi da haɗin gwal. Maganin zafi bayan ƙirƙira sau da yawa yakan zama dole don cimma matakan taurin da ake so da kuma sauƙaƙa ragowar damuwa.
3. Isothermal Forging: Wannan fasaha ta ci gaba ta ƙunshi ƙirƙira a yanayin zafi da ke dawwama a duk lokacin da ake aiwatar da shi, yawanci kusa da ƙarshen ƙarshen kewayon zafin aiki na gami. Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira ta Isothermal tana rage girman gradients na zafin jiki kuma yana taimakawa cimma daidaitaccen microstructure, wanda zai iya haɓaka tauri da ƙayyadaddun kayan inji na gami da ƙarfe. Wannan tsari yana da fa'ida musamman don aikace-aikacen ayyuka masu girma waɗanda ke buƙatar takamaiman ƙayyadaddun taurin.
Maganin Zafi Da Matsayinsa
Tsarin ƙirƙira kaɗai ba ya ƙayyade taurin ƙarshe na gami da ƙarfe. Maganin zafi, gami da kashewa, quenching, da zafin rai, yana da mahimmanci wajen cimma takamaiman matakan taurin. Misali:
- Annealing: Wannan maganin zafi ya haɗa da dumama karfe zuwa zafi mai zafi sannan a sanyaya shi a hankali. Annealing yana rage taurin amma yana inganta ductility da taurin.
- Quenching: Saurin sanyaya da sauri daga matsanancin zafin jiki, yawanci a cikin ruwa ko mai, yana canza ƙaramin ƙarfe na ƙarfe zuwa martensite, wanda ke ƙaruwa da ƙarfi sosai.
- Tempering: Bayan quenching, zafin jiki ya haɗa da sake dumama karfe zuwa ƙananan zafin jiki don daidaita taurin da sauke damuwa na ciki. Wannan tsari yana daidaita taurin da tauri.
Kammalawa
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin matakan ƙirƙira na ƙarfe na ƙarfe da taurin yana da rikitarwa da yawa. Ƙirƙirar zafi mai zafi, ƙirƙira sanyi, da ƙirƙirar isothermal kowanne yana shafar taurin daban, kuma taurin ƙarshe kuma yana tasiri ta hanyar jiyya na zafi na gaba. Fahimtar waɗannan hulɗar yana ba injiniyoyi damar haɓaka hanyoyin ƙirƙira don cimma taurin da ake so da aikin gabaɗayan abubuwan haɗin ƙarfe na gami. Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira yadda ya kamata da dabarun magance zafi suna tabbatar da cewa samfuran ƙarfe na ƙarfe sun cika ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun aikace-aikace daban-daban, daga abubuwan kera motoci zuwa sassan sararin samaniya.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-22-2024
