Saboda kasancewar ɓacin rai yayin ƙirƙira da sarrafa kayan ƙirƙira, yanayin zafin da ake samu yana da iyaka. Don hana brittleness daga karuwa a lokacin tempering, shi wajibi ne don kauce wa wadannan biyu zafin jiki jeri, wanda ya sa da wuya a daidaita inji Properties. Nau'in farko na tashin hankali. Nau'in tashin hankali na farko da ke faruwa a lokacin zafin jiki tsakanin 200 zuwa 350 ℃ kuma ana san shi da rashin ƙarfi mai zafi. Idan nau'in tashin hankali na farko ya faru sannan kuma an yi zafi zuwa zafi mai zafi don zafin jiki, za'a iya kawar da raguwa kuma za'a iya ƙara tasirin tasirin. A wannan lokaci, idan zafin jiki ya kai 200-350 ℃, wannan brittleness ba zai sake faruwa ba. Daga wannan, za a iya ganin cewa nau'in tashin hankali na farko ba zai iya jurewa ba, don haka ake kiransa da gushewar fushi. Nau'i na biyu na tashin hankali. Wani muhimmin fasali na tashin hankali a cikin nau'in ƙirƙira na biyu shine cewa, ban da haifar da ɓarna a lokacin jinkirin sanyaya yayin zafin jiki tsakanin 450 da 650 ℃, sannu a hankali wucewa ta yankin ci gaba tsakanin 450 da 650 ℃ bayan tempering a yanayin zafi mafi girma zai iya. kuma yana haifar da karyewa. Idan saurin sanyaya ya wuce ta yankin ci gaban gaggautsa bayan zafin zafi mai zafi, ba zai haifar da tashin hankali ba. Nau'i na biyu na karyewar fushi abu ne mai jujjuyawa, don haka ana kuma san shi da tsinkewar fushi. Nau'i na biyu na al'amarin ɓacin rai yana da sarƙaƙiya, kuma ƙoƙarin yin bayanin duk abubuwan da ke faruwa tare da ka'ida ɗaya abu ne mai wahala a fili, saboda ƙila akwai dalilai fiye da ɗaya na ɓarna. Amma abu ɗaya tabbatacce ne, tsarin ƙaddamarwa na nau'in nau'i na biyu na fushin fushi ba makawa wani tsari ne mai canzawa wanda ke faruwa a iyakar hatsi kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar rarrabawa, wanda zai iya raunana iyakar hatsi kuma ba shi da alaka da martensite da sauran austenite. Da alama akwai yuwuwar yanayi guda biyu ne kawai don wannan tsari mai jujjuyawa, wato rarrabuwar kawuna da bacewar ƙwayoyin zarra a iyakokin hatsi, da hazo da narkar da matakan gaggautuwa tare da iyakokin hatsi.
Manufar tempering karfe bayan quenching a lokacin ƙirƙira da kuma sarrafa na forgings shi ne: 1. rage brittleness, kawar ko rage ciki danniya. Bayan quenching, sassan karfe suna da mahimmancin damuwa na ciki da raguwa, kuma rashin yin fushi a kan lokaci yakan haifar da lalacewa ko ma fashewar sassan karfe. 2. Sami kayan aikin injiniya da ake buƙata na kayan aiki. Bayan quenching, da workpiece yana da high taurin da high brittleness. Domin saduwa da daban-daban yi bukatun na daban-daban workpieces, da taurin za a iya gyara ta dace tempering don rage brittleness da kuma samun da ake bukata taurin da roba. 3. Tabbatar da girman aikin aikin. 4. Ga wasu kayan ƙarfe waɗanda ke da wahalar yin laushi bayan annashuwa, ana amfani da zafin jiki mai zafi sau da yawa bayan quenching (ko al'ada) don haɗa carbides daidai a cikin ƙarfe, rage taurin, da sauƙaƙe aikin yankewa.
Lokacin ƙirƙira ƙirƙira, ɓarna fushi matsala ce da ke buƙatar lura. Yana iyakance kewayon yanayin zafi da ake samu, kamar yadda yanayin zafin da ke haifar da ƙarar ɓarna dole ne a guji shi yayin aiwatar da zafin rai. Wannan yana haifar da matsaloli wajen daidaita kayan aikin injiniya.
Nau'in tashin hankali na farko yana faruwa ne tsakanin 200-350 ℃, wanda kuma aka sani da raguwar zafin jiki. Wannan brittleness ba zai iya jurewa ba. Da zarar ya faru, sake zazzagewa zuwa zafin jiki mafi girma don zafin jiki na iya kawar da ɓarna da haɓaka taurin tasiri kuma. Koyaya, zafin jiki a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na 200-350 ℃ zai sake haifar da wannan brittleness. Saboda haka, nau'in tashin hankali na farko ba zai iya jurewa ba.
Wani muhimmin fasali na nau'in tashin hankali na biyu shine cewa jinkirin sanyaya lokacin zafin jiki tsakanin 450 da 650 ℃ na iya haifar da raguwa, yayin da sannu a hankali ke wucewa ta yankin ci gaba tsakanin 450 zuwa 650 ℃ bayan zafin zafi a yanayin zafi mafi girma kuma yana iya haifar da raguwa. Amma idan saurin sanyaya ya ratsa ta cikin yankin ci gaban gaggautsa bayan yanayin zafi mai zafi, toshewar ba zai faru ba. Nau'i na biyu na guguwar zafin na iya juyawa, kuma idan takurkucewa ta ɓace kuma aka sake yin zafi kuma a hankali a sake yin sanyi, za a dawo da ɓarna. Ana sarrafa wannan tsarin embrittlement ta hanyar yaduwa kuma yana faruwa a iyakokin hatsi, ba shi da alaƙa kai tsaye da martensite da sauran austenite.
A taƙaice, akwai da dama dalilai don tempering karfe bayan quenching a lokacin ƙirƙira da sarrafa na forgings: rage brittleness, kawar da ko rage ciki danniya, samun da ake bukata inji Properties, stabilizing workpiece size, da kuma adapting wasu gami karfe da wuya a yi laushi a lokacin annealing. don yanke ta hanyar zafin jiki mai zafi.
Saboda haka, a cikin ƙirƙira tsari, shi wajibi ne don comprehensively la'akari da tasirin tempering brittleness, kuma zaži dace tempering zafin jiki da kuma tsari yanayi saduwa da bukatun na sassa, domin cimma manufa inji Properties da kwanciyar hankali.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-16-2023
